Flying-machine.



A. R. NORDSTROM. FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. 27, 1911. LLl. Patented May 6, 1913. I 6 SHEETS-'SHEET l.

A. R.. NORDSTROM.

FLYING MACHINE, APPLICATION FILED DBC.27, 1911.

1,061,108. Patented May 6, 1.913.

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FLYING MACHINE.

APlLIoATIoN FILED DBO. 27, 1911.

1,96 l. l @8. Patented May' 6, 1913.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

y? ya www Y H Ai R. NORDSTROM. FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 20.27, 1911.

1,06 Ll' I Patented Mays, 1913.

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A. R'. NORDSTROM.

FLYING MACHINE.' APPLICATION FILED 150.27, 1911'.

LGLE@ Patented May 6,1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET /27 uucnfoz A. R. NGRDSTROM.

FLYING MACHINE APPLIGATION IILED DEG.27, i911, MQLM@ Pai-,annee May 6,1913.

6 SHHETS-SHEET 6.

a Horne? www UNITED STATES PATENT oFFio-E.

.AXEL R. NORDSTROM, Oi WEST LYNN, -IllIASSACI-IUSTTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH TO GUSTAF F. I IELLSTROM, SR.. AND GUSTAF F. HELLSTROM, JB., BOTH GEWEST LYNN ,.MASSACHUSETTS, AND THREE-SIXTEBNTHS TO MARTIN BOWMAN, 0F EOCX.

PORT; MASSACHUSETTS, v.AND ONE-SIZI-:NTH TO GARIN'` E. NORWALL, 0F WEST LYNN, MAssAcHUsE'rrs.

Specification of Letters Patent.

f. EFLYINGMACHINE.

Tool? :rhum it muy concern:`

subject of the King of Sweden, residing at Y est Lynn iu the county of lisser. and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and which the' follofii-{ing is irspecitieaiion'.

"This invention 'relates totiyiugniachiiiesV of the aeroplane i513@- 4)ne object` of the inventionl is to proride` a construction `,whereby the load weight is i disposed `whollyV belmi'ftlie supporting sur-vv vmore.-p: is`sen, 'ers, and.' .guai-gl. or shield', Awhereby the motors arefarlapted yto be keptv tectedffroui the force-of the wind.

from a body o'water. 25

" Iride anovel construction and arrangement' '.face" vor.. surface's of the machine, gi\' i'ng' i" low center of grarity rendering the machine inherently stable and p rerenting loss of either the lateral orlongitudiiial balance..

' '.Xiiotherobjectof the invention topros';

vide ainovel construction and' arrangement vof'carriage. or chassis,: cushioned launching` and landing1 gear including skids, and means iida'pting the 'skids to serve 'as brakes,I tomachine .to alivlit upon, run 'along 4an rise. Another object of the inventi n. istoprofi' of motors, seats for 'the ayiator and one or coolv and the aviator .and passenger pro-I Anot-her object of the -invei'ition'is' to pro-v vide a `novel constructionof ailerons for lat-'1 e al balancing. and a novel construction of steering gear -for adjusting-the ailerons and direction rudder in unison for sensitive bal-' the propellers into and out of action, they construction heipg suchthat in the event of the failure of one of said pow'e'r systems the' other will operate to maintain continuity of flight of the machine.

The inrentionconsists of the feat-lires of constr'iictioin combination and arrangement of parts, hereinafter 'morclully described and claimed, reference heilig had. to theaofv j coiiipanying` tirMVingS,l which saine. Fig. 2l is .i 'fragmentary top planview of the upper supporting surface. Fig. ,4 .is a detail `section onlinefl-l of Fig. 3. Fig. is aser-tional front elevation through `l" ig. G is a"\'ertical. longitudinal section 0f (hes-aine. l"ig.` T is a 'sectional plan 4riew'of 'the |ia'rt sslio`\'\'i1 in Fig. omitting the lower supl'iorting .'s'ii'rface'.l Figs. 8 and 9 are holding and 'releasing derices'. Figs. 10 and 1 1 are detail sideandfront views 'ofthe contliollingr'lerice tli ei' e lor.' Fig. 12 is a front 'elevation fof the' steering -and stabilizing i In the presentjn'stance, I have shown the ap I ici'ition of lmy invention to a flying' maper osed supporting planes or surfaces 1 an 2 are connected inthe iisualinauncrby provided with headEand tail frames 5 and 6 carrying the elevators or horizontal rudders 'i' and 8. The tail f 'ame also carries a vertical 'ordirecton rudder 9 'and stabilizing planes or surfaces 10,-wh`i`ch operate also Vvto sustain the weight of the tail fraiiiewhen the machine is in liight.

The macliiiicis mounted upon a carriage or chassiscomprising a car or platform 11 which supports the aviator`s seat 12, oneor more passengers lseats 13, and a substantially' cigar-sha pcd or torpedo-sha ped body or shield l4,i1"i which these seats are iuclosed, said body or shield serifiiig to protect the wind. 'lhescats l2 and 13 are preferably linigitiidiiial line of the machine, in order 4that. the-"weight of .theoccupants thereof may'lie properlydistributed to'trim or bal- 'aiice the i'iia'chi'iie. Tliecai or platform 11 urliicl'i` 'rest upon suitable beds 17 arranged chine constructed in accordance with my ini rention. F ig. i2 is a front elevation of the 55 lhe i-ai'ri'ag'e and lower supporting surface. 60

side land front 'eleratioiis of -one of tlie skid4 65 gearf Fig. isa planl View showing the 70- thesametfzlfiggilti is 'a plan "view -of the-75 ehineof tlie'biplaneftype, in which the su- 80 ar'riatoi' and passenger from the force of the 'arranged iii tandem relation in the central 10e also supports a pair of motors 15 and. 16, '10Q'l on opposite sides of the longitudinal center -of the machine vso as to properly position the motors for 'balancing eii`ect and to dispose thefs'ame in thepath of the air for an effective cooling action.

The car or platform 11 is secured to the frame of the plane 1 by vertical struts or stanchions 18,' and saidcar orplatform is reinforced from the head and tail frames by `sets of braces 19l and 20, and from the frame lof the lower plane by suitable braces-2 1, in

connection with which suitable-truss wires may be employed,:ifl desired. The car or .platform includes front and rear rods or mounted for a cushioning action. The spring'.

bars 27 are coupled for movementin unison;l by a cross piece 29' andare reinfofced from the frame'of-the "plane 1 by bracesy30fthuspreventing the wheel 26 from having undue,

vertical play. .Rods 31 also'projeotgfrom the, bar 22 and are connected with'the plane 1- by braces 32, said rods forming supports for the forward end 1 ofa ,pairx ofjfhydroplane .floats 33, which are suspended' at theirgrear ends from the rod 22 by l:short hangers 34.

Secured atv their-rearA ends 'tothe par or platform 11 are looped-suspension sprmgs 85, arranged in pairs, each pair of rings forminga support .foran axle spin e 36 carryin a rear supporting wheel 37, the two wheels eing arranged on o posite sides of the longitudinal fcenter o f t e machine and coperating with 'the wheel-26 to support the machine upon the'ground and to yieldingly sustain the shocksand jars in launching and landing.' 'They forward ends of the springs 35 are slidably'ftteddn sockets 38 secured to the car toper'rhit said springs to have vertical play.'f-Thefrear ends of the springs are connected *with the rod 23 by braces 39, which may bef hinged or pivoted to allow the springs to f havethe -requisite freedom of motiiail v"Projecting from the 'rear of 'the' platform are resilient bars v40 which are bent at. their rear ends to rovide skids or runners 41', .which are sta'ye at' their forward ends 4 fron'it'he tailv frame by braces 42.- These 'ids' .or runners'are adaptedv by their spring "action,tornovedownward in lcontact with "'tlie"ground."` For th'e purpose of holding said skids elevated and in an inoperative position, each skid is provided with a keeper gaged by a fulcruin pin 45 on the lower end oa holding and-releasing lever 46, which ttrin'inates'at its lower end in a hook or locking member 47 to engage the socket 43 and is connected with the skid above its pivotal point by a coiled contractile spring 48, nor- 4-mall'y serving to hold the-hook in engage- Vment'with the socket. The lever is provided at one side with-an eye or hook`49 which is enga-ged by the eye at one end 'of a turn buckle or tensioning device50, which is connected, with a stay wire51` secured to the ,tail frame 6;,tl'e'reby the lever is sustained in operative position. The two controlling 1evers'46 have cables 52 leading to one arm of a bell crank lever 5 3 fulcrunied on a bracket 54 attached to the'car, to the other arm of which lever isjcoupled a sliding rod or controllino member 54, adapted to be" depressed by lthe foot of the aviator, whereby Vthe lever'sfmaybe adjusted to throw the hooks 47 out of engagement with' the sock- -ets 43', allowing the skids to drop down into contactwith the ground to serve as a brake [to bring thev ma'hine to a quick-stop in landing. @Rear hydroplanefoats .55 may be suitably supported-fromthe car or carriage adjacent Athe rear supporting wheels 37.

Arranged 'at .or near the lateral margins 'each comprisin "a pair of ailerons or small 4planes 56 gandl arranged respectively above and belowf'the surfaces of said planes, andnormally held in contact with thesame by springs 58, Each'pair of ailerons is ada ted -to be rocked' vertically for laterall baliincing the machine and is' provide with a crank arm 59, to which crank arms are con-- nected the outer ends of controlling,` wires or cables and 61. y These ailerons and the verticaland horizontal rudders are adapted tobe actuated by a control device comprising a post 62 pivoted at its lower end to swing in a fre and aft'direction and provided with a` spring actuated pawl or dog 63 adapted to engage a rack 64 whereb it may be held in adjusted position. C ab es 65 lead from .said post to the respective horizontal rud-A ders 7 and 8, whereby said rudders may be adjusted in unison. Journaled at the upper end of the ost is a shaft or spindle 66 carrying a sproc et wheel 67 and a steeringwheel 68. Connected with said sprocket'wheel 67 is a short chain section 69, .to s" nich the inner ends of the cables 60- and 61 are attached, and to which are also respectively attached cables 70 and 71 leading to the vertical rudder 9, whereby when the steering wheel is -turned in one direction or the other the ailerons and vertical rudder. ma be simultaneously adjusted. As shown, e cables 60 and 70 are attached to one end of the chain 69, while the cables 61- and 71 are attached to the opposite end of said-'chain 69. Ar-A socket 43 carrying a bearing member 44 enranged on opposite'sides of the steering post of tlieplanes '2 arelatera'l balancing devices,

and a sliding disk or head 122 fitted on the shaft is arranged a coiled pressure spring 123. The head 12o under pressure of the spring normally serves to SFtdel the friction disk 103 inward and to connectl the two disks 103 and 90 to couple the sprocket wheel to the shaft. and allows s aticient outward longitudinal sliding movement of the parts to throw the friction' faces of the disks out of engagementwith eachother, to permit. them to turn independently of the sprocket wheel. The ring 116 is engaved by the forked end of a shipper lever 12 the opposite end of .which is provided with an eye internall)r threaded to receive the rear threaded end 126 of an'adjusting rod 127, the rods' of the two clutch devices being journaled at their .forward ends in bearings on the aviator`s seat 12 and respectively provided with handles 128 and 129 whereby said rods may be turned to shift the respective shipper levers 124 by their` threaded 'engagement therewith, so as to adjust the shifting rings 11G on the res ective engine shafts 15 and l1.6. One of t e rods v1.2 7 preferably'has a right handI threaded engagement with 'the eye 125 of thecoactinggy shipper lever 124, while theother rod 127 preferal'il);v hasa left hand threaded engagement with its coacting shipper lever, wherebyy the two elutehes are adapted to be controlled by outward and inward lateral swinging movements of the handles 12S and 129.. as will be readilv understood. It will thus he seen that both motors may be maintained in operation and either the central or side propellers employed for a driving action, or'all three propellers employed to secure maximum power in launching the machine and driving the same to the desircd altitude before beginning a straight flight. It will also be seen that this construction permits the motors to he set into action bythe aviator without driving the -prolwllers, ,so thatthe aviator may start the propellers at his com-'rnience in beginning a Hight. lf. duringr flight., either motor or any part of the propelling system actuated thai-eb)4` should become inoperative, the other propelling` system may he set; in act-ion to maintain flight.' the advantages of which will be apparent. y

llaving thus described the invention, what. l elaim as new is:

1. A flying machine including a plat-form,

-a housing carried by said platform and forming a car body, a motor mounted upon the platformL an aviators seat mounted upon the platform in front of the motor. a mam .frame rising` from said platform, superposed .supporting .surfaces oarried by` said frame and arranged labove the .planes supported by the outriggers'E platform, head and tail frames extending rear of the platform haVing-reinforcino connect-lons with. he main frame and hezfd and tail frames, and a suitable launching and landing gearsnpported by said latter-named extensions.'

2. In a H ving machine, the combination of a ear or platform. a main frame rising there1 from, snperposedsupporting surfaces can. ried by said main frame above said can "or platform, head and tail extensions from the main frame on a line between said supporting surfaces, rudder planescarried by sa'id head and ltail extensions, a motor mounted upon the platform, one or more driving propellers operatedby gearing from the motor, said propellers being arranged to' revolvegrertically on horizontal longitudinal* axes on aline between the supporting surfaces, extensions from the front and rear. ot`- the platform having reinforcing connections with the main frame and head and tail frames, transverse rods forming a part of the main-frame and extending laterally beyond the opposite sides of the car to forni supporting outriggers, cushioned launching and landing wheels supported by said front and rear extensions from the ear or platform, and front and, rear pairs of hydro- A flvingniaehine including a ear bodyearricd thereby.a main frame rising,r from said platform land ear body,

front and rear extensions from the mam frame in line with the platform, outriggers projecting laterall)Y from said extensions, h xI-'droplancs 'supported -b v said outriggers, snlwrposed supportingplanes upon the mam frana-above the platform and car,v head and tail frames projecting froml the main frame on a Vline between the supporting planes,

braces reinforcing the same from the car or platform. rudder planes supported by said head and tail frames. a motor mounted upon the platform. and suitablepropelling mechanism driven from said motor.

In testimony whereof I affix inysignature linY presence yof two. witnesses.

AXEL R. NORDSTROM. Witnesses: Y. 4,

Jenn H. hfxfnrsox, (l Usrarl l". llnm s'rnon. 

